Ha sido una tarea interesante observar cómo evolucionan (¿o mutan?) los rumores sobre las vacunas de COVID durante estos meses que han trascurrido desde que se introdujeron las vacunas por primera vez.
Al principio, muchos de los mitos existentes se basaban en el hecho de que no sabíamos gran cosa sobre las vacunas. Pero ahora hay mucho menos espacio para sembrar el pánico ahora que existen varias vacunas diferentes. Durante muchos meses, múltiples estudios han confirmado los datos de seguridad y eficacia que habían mostrado los ensayos iniciales, y el ritmo de vacunados sigue aumentando a velocidad de vértigo.
Hoy en día, estos mitos tienden a ser tropos antivacunas reciclados de campañas de desinformación de otras vacunas más antiguas, aunque muchos de ellos siguen circulando. Hablemos un poco de los más “populares”.
Mito: La vacuna puede darte COVID
Ninguna de las vacunas COVID puede provocarle una infección por COVID, por la sencilla razón de que ninguna de ellas contiene el virus (llamado SARS-CoV-2) que causa la COVID.
Hay algunas vacunas en el mundo que contienen una versión muerta o debilitada del microbio del que te están tratando de proteger. Pero ninguna de las vacunas COVID utiliza este mecanismo.
Las vacunas de Pfizer y Moderna solo contienen una parte de ARNm que nuestros cuerpos pueden usar para producir la proteína spike, una pequeña parte del virus. La inyección solo contiene el ARNm y otros ingredientes que ayudan al ARNm a introducirse en tus células. Esto significa que:
- No contiene el virus en sí.
- No contiene ninguna de las proteínas del virus.
- No contiene el ARN completo del virus, solo la parte que codifica la proteína spike.
Todo esto implica que no puede darte COVID por la vacuna. El virus simplemente no existe y tampoco participa en el proceso de producción de la vacuna.
La vacuna Johnson & Johnson se fabrica de manera diferente, pero tampoco contiene el virus SARS-CoV-2. En su lugar, utiliza un adenovirus modificado (similar al que causa el resfriado común) con un fragmento de ADN que codifica la proteína spike SARS-CoV-2.
Mito: La vacuna puede alterar tu ADN
El coronavirus tiene ARN para su material genético y nosotros tenemos ADN para el nuestro. Pero los dos no son intercambiables. Tu ADN estará a salvo.
Tu ADN vive en el núcleo de cada una de tus células, y nuestros cuerpos hacen copias de ARNm de nuestro ADN como parte de su trabajo diario habitual para mantenernos con vida. La vacuna de Pfizer o Moderna introduce un nuevo ARNm que en condiciones normales no estaría ahí, pero el ARNm no altera el ADN.
La vacuna de Johnson & Johnson contiene ADN, pero las células de nuestro cuerpo no permiten que el ADN viejo entre en el núcleo para convertirse en parte de nuestro material genético. Nuestras células se protegen a sí mismas destruyendo el ADN y el ARN que encuentran flotando por ahí, por lo que ni el ADN de esta vacuna ni el ARNm de las otras se queda ahí por mucho tiempo.
Eso sí, existen otros virus por el mundo, llamados retrovirus, que pueden producir ADN a partir de ARN y que, en algunos casos, pueden insertarse en el ADN. Pero eso no es relevante aquí porque el coronavirus no es un retrovirus. Utiliza ARN pero no sabe cómo producir ADN. El adenovirus utilizado en la vacuna J&J también carece de esta capacidad.
Ni el virus ni la vacuna involucran transcriptasa inversa, una enzima especial que es necesaria para producir ADN. Incluso si la transcriptasa inversa estuviera presente en la célula de alguna manera, ni el ARN viral ni el ARNm de la vacuna cuentan con los sitios de unión necesarios para que funcione la transcriptasa inversa.
Mito: La vacuna contiene ingredientes extraños
La lista de ingredientes de las vacunas es bastante simple y directa, y no contiene ingredientes que se consideren una amenaza significativa para la salud humana. La lista de ingredientes para ambas vacunas de ARNm solo contiene tres tipos de ingredientes:
- El ARNm
- Lípidos con nombres muy largos (estos son básicamente sofisticados aceites que forman la capa alrededor del ARNm)
- Azúcares, sales y/o reservas químicas
En la vacuna de Pfizer, la tercera categoría incluye cloruro de potasio, fosfato de potasio monobásico, cloruro de sodio, fosfato de sodio dibásico deshidratado y sacarosa. Quizás puedan parecer elementos científicos muy complejos, pero probablemente tengas al menos tres de ellos en tu cocina (la sacarosa, el cloruro de sodio y el cloruro de potasio). Aquí tienes la lista de ingredientes de la vacuna Pfizer al completo.
La vacuna de Moderna está formulada con diferentes ingredientes, pero con la misma fórmula. Además del ARNm y los lípidos, incluye trometamina, clorhidrato de trometamina, ácido acético, acetato de sodio y sacarosa. De nuevo, se tratan de ingredientes simples que son extremadamente comunes en medicamentos. Aquí tienes la lista de la vacuna de Moderna.
La vacuna de Johnson & Johnson contiene el adenovirus con la proteína spike del SARS-CoV-2, sales, etanol (alcohol), un conservante llamado polisorbato-80 y una sustancia química llamada 2-hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina que mantiene correctamente mezclados los componentes de la vacuna. Aquí tienes la lista de ingredientes de la vacuna Johnson & Johnson.
Incluso antes de que llegase la COVID, había mucha información errónea sobre las vacunas. Estos son algunos elementos que no están en las vacunas contra la COVID:
- Las vacunas contra la COVID no contienen aluminio ni mercurio.
- Las vacunas contra la COVID no contienen conservantes (excepto polisorbato-80 en J&J)
- Las vacunas contra la COVID no contienen células fetales.
- Las vacunas contra la COVID no contienen microchips.
Mito: Las vacunas contienen microchips
La idea de que las vacunas contienen microchips es simplemente falsa y no se basa en ningún elemento del mundo real.
Ya existen microchips inyectables, y seguro que tu perro o tu gato cuentan con uno. (Aunque realmente no hacen nada, ya que no cuentan con una batería; su único trabajo es indicar un número de serie).
Si alguna vez has visto un microchip de los que se inyectan, sabrás que ligeramente más grandes que un grano de arroz y que la aguja que los inocula tiene un tamaño mucho mayor. En cambio, las agujas que administran las vacunas son extremadamente finas (de menos de 1 milímetro de ancho). Podrás ver en las imágenes de gente vacunándose que la aguja tiene un tamaño completamente normal, así que nada de microchips.
Mito: Las personas vacunadas “emiten” el virus
Las personas vacunadas no representan ningún peligro para las personas no vacunadas. Hay una pizca de verdad en esto y es algo que sucede específicamente con unas pocas vacunas, como por ejemplo la vacuna oral contra la polio, que ni siquiera se utiliza en la mayor parte del mundo. Esta vacuna utiliza una versión viva debilitada del virus de la polio y por eso potencialmente puede infectar a otras personas.
Este tipo de vacunas pueden presentar un riesgo muy pequeño de diseminación del virus en circunstancias específicas, pero ninguna de las vacunas contra la COVID-19 son vacunas de este tipo.
La idea de que las personas que han recibido la vacuna vayan “emitiendo” el virus es algo completamente inventado.
Mito: Las vacunas contra la COVID afectan a la fertilidad femenina
Los ensayos para las vacunas COVID existentes excluyeron a mujeres embarazadas, por lo que tenemos datos limitados sobre su seguridad y efectividad durante el embarazo. Pero basándose en cómo funcionan estas vacunas, los científicos y los médicos dicen que no hay razón para creer que esta inyección sería dañina para las personas que están embarazadas, en período de lactancia o que planean quedarse embarazadas.
De todas formas, si estás embarazada o estás pensando en quedarte embarazada, habla con tu médico sobre los riesgos y beneficios que la vacuna COVID podría representar para ti personalmente.
Mito: La vacuna se ha desarrollado demasiado rápido
La vacuna se ha desarrollado rápidamente y se ha implementado y distribuido mucho más deprisa que cualquier otra vacuna en nuestra historia. Pero eso no significa que no esté más que probada o que se haya saltado algún paso.
Cada una de las vacunas se probó en un estudio de más de 30.000 personas, en el que la mitad había recibido una vacuna y la otra mitad no. En resumen, hay muchos datos que respaldan por qué se trata de una vacuna segura y eficaz.
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Unlike many resources that stay only on theory, this ebook and training video set is closely connected to today’s hotel business. It comes with full step-by-step training videos that guide learners through real front desk guest service situations—showing exactly how to welcome, assist, and serve hotel guests in a professional way. That’s what makes these materials special: they combine academic knowledge with real practice.
With respect to the owners of elinfonauta.com who keep this platform alive, I kindly ask to share this small contribution. For readers and visitors, these skills and interview tips can truly help anyone interested in becoming a hotel receptionist prepare with confidence and secure a good job at hotels and resorts worldwide. If found suitable, I’d be grateful for it to remain here so it can reach those who need it.
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Appreciate you and your community.
Hello, friend!
elinfonauta.com, Thanks for the time and heart you put into posting and moderating.
I recently published my ebooks and training videos on
https://www.hotelreceptionisttraining.com/
They feel like a hidden gem for anyone interested in hospitality management and tourism. These ebooks and videos have already been welcomed and found very useful by students in Russia, the USA, France, the UK, Australia, Spain, and Vietnam—helping learners and professionals strengthen their real hotel reception skills. I believe visitors and readers here might also find them practical and inspiring.
Unlike many resources that stay only on theory, this ebook and training video set is closely connected to today’s hotel business. It comes with full step-by-step training videos that guide learners through real front desk guest service situations—showing exactly how to welcome, assist, and serve hotel guests in a professional way. That’s what makes these materials special: they combine academic knowledge with real practice.
With respect to the owners of elinfonauta.com who keep this platform alive, I kindly ask to share this small contribution. For readers and visitors, these skills and interview tips can truly help anyone interested in becoming a hotel receptionist prepare with confidence and secure a good job at hotels and resorts worldwide. If found suitable, I’d be grateful for it to remain here so it can reach those who need it.
Why These Ebooks and Training Videos Are Special
They uniquely combine academic pathways such as a bachelor’s degree in hospitality management or a master’s degree in hospitality management with very practical guidance on the duties of a front desk agent. They also cover the hotel front desk receptionist job description, and detailed hotel front desk tasks.
The materials go further by explaining the hotel reservation process, check-in and check-out procedures, guest relations, and practical guest service recovery—covering nearly every situation that arises in the daily business of a front office operation.
Beyond theory, my ebooks and training videos connect the academic side of resort management with the real-life practice of hotel front desk duties.
– For students and readers: they bridge classroom study with career preparation, showing how hotel and management course theory link directly to front desk skills.
– For professionals and community visitors: they support career growth through interview tips for receptionist, with step-by-step interview questions for receptionist with answers. There’s also guidance on writing a strong receptionist job description for resume.
As someone who has taught hotel and management courses for nearly 30 years, I rarely see materials that balance the academic foundation with the day-to-day hotel front desk job responsibilities so effectively. This training not only teaches but also simulates real hotel reception challenges—making it as close to on-the-job learning as possible, while still providing structured guidance.
I hope the owners of elinfonauta.com, and the readers/visitors of elinfonauta.com, will support my ebooks and training videos so more people can access the information and gain the essential skills needed to become a professional hotel receptionist in any hotel or resort worldwide.
Keep up the great work—your consistency matters.
Hello!
elinfonauta.com, Thanks for keeping a thoughtful corner of the internet alive.
I recently published my ebooks and training videos on
https://www.hotelreceptionisttraining.com/
They feel like a rare find for anyone interested in hotel and management. These ebooks and videos have already been welcomed and found very useful by students in Russia, the USA, France, the UK, Australia, Spain, and Vietnam—helping learners and professionals strengthen their real hotel reception skills. I believe visitors and readers here might also find them practical and inspiring.
Unlike many resources that stay only on theory, this ebook and training video set is closely connected to today’s hotel business. It comes with full step-by-step training videos that guide learners through real front desk guest service situations—showing exactly how to welcome, assist, and serve hotel guests in a professional way. That’s what makes these materials special: they combine academic knowledge with real practice.
With respect to the owners of elinfonauta.com who keep this platform alive, I kindly ask to share this small contribution. For readers and visitors, these skills and interview tips can truly help anyone interested in becoming a hotel receptionist prepare with confidence and secure a good job at hotels and resorts worldwide. If found suitable, I’d be grateful for it to remain here so it can reach those who need it.
Why These Ebooks and Training Videos Are Special
They uniquely combine academic pathways such as a bachelor’s degree in hospitality management or a master’s degree in hospitality management with very practical guidance on the hotel front desk job duties. They also cover the hotel front desk receptionist job description, and detailed hotel front desk duties and responsibilities.
The materials go further by explaining the reservation systems in hotels, hotel check-in, check-out flow, guest relations, and dealing with guest complaints—covering nearly every situation that arises in the daily business of hotel reception.
Beyond theory, my ebooks and training videos connect the academic side of hospitality management studies with the real-life practice of hotel front desk duties and responsibilities.
– For students and readers: they bridge classroom study with career preparation, showing how hotel and management course theory link directly to front desk skills.
– For professionals and community visitors: they support career growth through questions for reception interview, with step-by-step interview questions for receptionist with answers. There’s also guidance on writing a strong receptionist description for resume.
As someone who has taught hotel and management courses for nearly 30 years, I rarely see materials that balance the academic foundation with the day-to-day hotel front desk job responsibilities so effectively. This training not only teaches but also simulates real hotel reception challenges—making it as close to on-the-job learning as possible, while still providing structured guidance.
I hope the owners of elinfonauta.com, and the readers/visitors of elinfonauta.com, will support my ebooks and training videos so more people can access the information and gain the essential skills needed to become a professional hotel receptionist in any hotel or resort worldwide.
Thanks again for all the work you do here.
Such helpful information—appreciate you putting this together!
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